The Testing Of Salivary Biomarkers - 1986 Words

Introduction: Although the testing of salivary biomarkers has yet to take hold in clinical settings, the research surrounding this science is promising. Ideally, in the future, patients will be able to submit saliva samples to their doctor or dentist to be tested for a variety of conditions which can be detected based on particular proteins or enzymes, et cetera. The hope is that these tests could lead to early disease detection and treatment. In this report, you will find the ways in which saliva can be gathered, as well as the known biomarkers for specific diseases, and the shortcomings and hopes for research in this field. Saliva Composition and Function: In this article, author Karthikeyan Murthykumar discusses the composition of saliva, as well as its ability to protect the mouth, and aid in digestion. The study performed identified the following details regarding saliva composition and function: Saliva is excreted through three different glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual. It is comprised of about 99% water, but contains a mixture of ions and proteins, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, magnesium, bicarbonate, phosphate, albumin, and some polypeptides. Before saliva is excreted through the glands, it is isotonic to blood plasma. However, once it exits the ducts of the glands, it is hypotonic. It is this hypotonicity that allows us to perceive flavor, by then mixing with ions and dissolving gustin. Gustin is a salivary protein whichShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Anxiety And Ill Health2143 Words   |  9 Pagespsychological aspects (mood, emotion, and coping) and sympathetic system responses to an acute stress challenge. Saliva samples will be collected from the participants before and after the acute stress challenge to calculate the presence of the enzyme salivary alpha-amylase (sAA). Participants will answer baseline composite questionnaires and post-stressor composite questionnaires to measure self-reported health. The significance lies in firstly understanding how individuals respond to acute stress, thisRead MoreFactors That Affect The Nervous System ( Sns ) And Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ( Hpa )8211 Words   |  33 Pagesbetween the developing sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Recent studies have suggested an association between early life adversity (ELA) and asymmetry in cortisol (a measure of HPA axis activation) and salivary alpha-amylase (a correlate of SNS activation) responses to stress among human children, but to my knowledge there have been no studies of such a relationship in nonhumans . Here, I investigate the responses of these analytes to non-stressful andRead MoreThe Common And Fatal Genetic Disease3665 Words   |  15 Pageshemolytic anemia, defective coagulation, and skin rashes as specific manifestations of these deficiencies. Pancreatic enzymes responsible for protein and carbohydrate digestion are also deficient in pancreatic insufficiency; however, intact secretion of salivary amylase and gastric proteases results in partial sparing of protein and carbohydrate absorption. Acute or chronic recurrent pancreatitis can be a presenting manifestation of CF, and is much more common among those with pancreatic sufficiency (10%Read MoreSocial Stress And Its Impact On The Classroom9865 Words   |  40 Pagesas a stressor, and their study did not measure eating behavior. No weight stigma study and no theory has integrated perceived stress, biology, and eating behavior into a single model. Further, all prior studies have examined cortisol simply as a biomarker fo r stress, which ignores the role of cortisol as (a) a driver of eating behavior and (b) a driver of weight gain (see biological mechanisms section below). My model does so by exploiting a biopsychosocial stress framework for weight stigma. Unsuccessful/unavailable

Substance Misuse Practices Binge Drinking, Prescription...

The following section discusses key strategies to address the substance misuse practices such as: binge drinking, prescription drug abuse and heroin use among NH young adults. The main sub-themes identified by young adults include: academia education, community resources, outreach education, family and friends, peer involvement, key messages and alternative strategies. Glad these (focus) groups exist, educating, helping. It s wicked important to feel like my opinion matters. I can give the inside perspective; I don t have to lie. All agree that the focus groups were important KEY STRATEGIES Substance use among youth and young adults remains a significant and a major public health problem . According to Substance Abuse Mental Health and Services Administration (SAMHSA), NH residents aged 18-25 reported highest rates in past month illicit drug use than any other state . Early onset dependence on alcohol and drugs can result in addiction in later years, and can delay treatment substantially in these young lives. In order to tackle this growing dependence, prevention and early intervention strategies for young adults are needed to address and reduce the current rates of substance use. Early intervention strategies have been defined as â€Å"strategies addressed at patients who need intrinsic motivation to change their alcohol and drug use patterns and/or to seek specialized treatment,†(Kurz, 2003). The focus groups identified key strategiesShow MoreRelatedPsy Evaluation Essay11057 Words   |  45 Pagesquestions selected from the following, as well as selected questions from in-class tests on Food Addiction and on The Joyful Mind; correct answers to those tests have already been posted to the doc sharing portion of the Ecompanion Website. You can use the answers to check the answers you gave on your chapter study tests. Your final exam is on Wednesday, September 12, 2012; You will have from 8:15AM to 9:45AM to complete the final exam. There are no make up dates for the final exam. From Chapter 1:Read MoreEssay about Alcoholism and Drug Addiction17765 Words   |  72 Pagesbeen permitted to write a project on â€Å"Alcoholism and Drug Addiction† for B.A. LL.B. (Hons) Internal Evaluation of Amity Law School, Sector – 125, Noida, AUUP. Date: 10th October 2011 Ms. Mokshdha Bhushan Lecturer Amity Law School AUUP Noida - 201301 Introduction Alcoholism and Drug Addiction may be conceptualized as crime without victim that is, addict himself is the victim who becomes a prey of its misuse. This devastating melody is eroding the roots of socialRead MoreDrugs in Society Study Guide Essay4299 Words   |  18 PagesCCJS 340 - Drugs in Society Study Guide What drug is most commonly abused by young adults (as determined by recent surveys noted in the text)? Marijuana According to the 2005 NIDA Household Survey on Drug Abuse, people in which age group are the most likely to have ever used drugs? People between the ages of 26 and 32 Findings by the Community Epidemiology Workgroup reveal that the types of drugs used in different cities vary. Which drugs seem to be more prevalent in western cities?

Summary of the “Bigger Piece of the Pie” Free Essays

The number of all hospitals in the country is declining.   Since 1975, there was a 1/6 less on the total number of hospitals.   Investor owned facilities is currently on the rise. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the â€Å"Bigger Piece of the Pie† or any similar topic only for you Order Now From the year 1993 it started to spring high until 1997 and then there was an incremental decrease afterwards but it continues to rise up to the year 2003.   By the end of 2003, investor-owned hospital comprised 16% of the nation’s community hospitals.   Public hospitals are also diminishing in numbers as well as the not- for profits which decline more than 10 %. It is a continued long term decline that was neutralized by the 2002 figure wherein there was a slight increment.   According to observers it will likely to remain stable in the next coning years or will decline slightly.   This can be explained by the infeasibility of small hospitals commented by the professor and director of the health policy and administrative division for the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois Chicago.   More patients prefer to go to large hospitals which were of their driving distance.   Conversion of not-for profit hospitals to for-profit hospital is also outpacing. The biggest factors remains a access to capital-investor-owned chains have it, while access is much more varied for not for profit systems.   Many of the broad measures of credit quality, such as annual median figures for profitability and debt coverage but the prosperity is not uniform throughout the sector even if many are performing better.  Ã‚   Investor owned hospitals are squeezed with bad debt expense but they were able to attract equity and debt capital.   Private firms were attracted in order to recapitalize the companies.   Hospitals are also in mess regarding reimbursement of high commercial insurance companies. Due to the high rates of the hospitals, the insurers were prompted to push for a double digit percentage increase premiums for employers.   Facing a fourth year of double-digit premium hikes, companies have been getting tough this year, pushing a lot more of those costs back onto their employees in the form of higher co-payments and other cost-sharing arrangements. Recognizing the limitations of those tactics, the survey found employers looking to longer-term solutions and possible government intervention to head off the unrelenting increases.   If this continues, employers may drop coverage and push more of their costs to employees, thus making an even more bad debt for the hospitals. However, if they decide to lower the premium increase, they would not be able to boost the reimbursements the way the hospitals are used to.   Meanwhile, the pressure is now building up for not for profit hospitals regarding charity care.   It is an emerging issue whether or not the not-for-profit hospitals exert pressure on for-profit hospitals to provide charity care and whether for-profit hospitals react differently than not-for-profit hospitals to managed care pressures and hospital competition in providing charity care. Nowadays, a mixed ownership markets, for-profit hospitals provide significantly less charity care as not-for-profit hospitals in the market provide more. Unexpectedly, for-profit hospitals were not more influenced by price competition than other hospitals with respect to charity care. Having a unique role in providing charity care may justify continuing tax exemption for not-for-profit hospitals and enhance interest in payment and other policies with regard to conversions to ensure that not-for-profit hospitals continue to be represented in market areas. I think the effect of these increases reflected our today economic climate.   As for the charity care of the not-for-profit hospitals, I wonder if it’s their way of breaking tax and being exempted in paying a large amount.    A report by the Internal Revenue Service in July found that not-for-profit hospitals nationwide vary widely in how they report and define their community services.   I believe that the lack of consistency and uniformity makes it difficult to assess the hospitals compliance with the current law.   I think, the changes brought by the IRS would make it easier to compare hospitals and also would help ensure greater accountability. References Crenshaw, A. (2004).   Health Insurance Costs Keep Rising.   Retrieved on February 29, 2008 from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A8287-2004Sep9.html    How to cite Summary of the â€Å"Bigger Piece of the Pie†, Papers

Different Genres Of Music In The USA Essay Example For Students

Different Genres Of Music In The USA Essay American classical music: is music written in the United States but in the European classical music tradition. In many cases, beginning in the 18th century, it has been influenced by American folk music styles; and from the 20th century to the present day it has often been influenced by folk, Jazz, blues, Native American, and pop styles. American folk music: is a musical term that encompasses numerous genres, many of which are known as traditional music, traditional folk music, contemporary folk music or roots music. The music is considered American either because it is native to the United States or because it developed there, out of foreign origins, to such a degree that it struck musicologists as something distinctly new. It is considered roots music because it served as the basis of music later developed in the United States, including roll, rhythm, and Jazz. Disco music: is a genre of dance music. Disco acts charted high during the mid-sass, and the genres popularity peaked during the late sass. Disco also was a reaction against both the domination of rock USIA and the categorization of dance music by the counter culture during this period. Disco was the last mass popular music movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco music was a worldwide phenomenon, but its popularity declined in the United States in the late sass. Hip hop music: also called rap music, is a music genre consisting of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. It developed as part of hip hop culture. American pop: term applied generally to whatever form of music is most popular among mainstream American teenage audiences. Adolescents are an especially important audience, both because of their relatively large amount of discretionary spending, and their fervent devotion to pop stars. Though the modern era of teen pop music is not usually said to have begun until the sass, there were important antecedents. American rock: the creation of American rock music was highly influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock. From the late sass and early sass, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues- rock and with Jazz to create Jazz-rock fusion, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock. In the sass, rock developed a large number of submerges, such as soft rock, hard rock, heavy metal, glam rock, progressive rock and punk rock. Country music: is a genre of American popular music that began in the rural regions of the Southern United States in the sass and 20th century Canada. It takes its roots from southeastern American folk music, Western cowboy. Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, fiddles, and harmonicas. The term country music is used today to describe many styles and submerges. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, and second most popular in the morning commute in Different Genres Of Music In The USA By Illimitableness the 20th century in black communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. Its African pedigree is evident in its use of notes, improvisations, polymaths, syncopation and the swung note. From its early development until the present day, Jazz has also incorporated elements from American popular music. Blues music: is the name given to both a musical form and a music genre that originated in African-American communities of primarily he Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century from spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts and chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads. .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .postImageUrl , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:hover , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:visited , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:active { border:0!important; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:active , .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7 .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud47784ed8bbddf2a568503647a7eaed7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music notes Persuasive EssaySoul music: is a popular music genre that originated in the United States in the sass and early sass, combining elements of African American gospel music and rhythm and blues. Gospel music: is music that is written to express either personal, spiritual or a communal belief regarding Christian life, as well as (in terms of the varying music styles) to give a Christian alternative to mainstream secular music.